Cycle and soak irrigation systems and methods

ABSTRACT

Several embodiments provide cycle and soak irrigation control units, comprising: a housing; a plurality of pairs of actuation line connectors comprising input connectors to couple with output actuation lines of a separate irrigation controller, and output connectors to couple with actuatable devices; a plurality of electrical pathways each coupling a respective input connector to a corresponding output connector and allowing an activation signal to be passed; at least one switch configured to selectively allow or interrupt activation signals to pass to a corresponding output connector; and a timing control circuit controlling the switch, based on an application of an activation signal on an input connector, a duration of a series of cycle-on timings during which the activation signal is emitted from the output connector to activate an actuatable device and soak-off timings during which the activation signal is prevented from being emitted deactivating the actuatable device.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention relates to irrigation systems.

BACKGROUND

Irrigation systems traditionally are used in many differentapplications, including, for example, commercial applications,residential applications, and on golf courses. Such irrigation systemsinclude irrigation controllers that control the activation of actuatableirrigation devices (e.g., valves, pumps, and other such devices tocontrol the flow of water). Further, irrigating can be costly and canconsume a relatively large quantity of water. As such, there is a needto improve irrigation.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Several embodiments provide cycle and soak irrigation control units,comprising: a housing; a plurality of pairs of actuation line connectorssecured with the housing and each pair comprising an input connector anda corresponding output connector, wherein each input connector isconfigured to couple with at least one controller output actuation lineof an irrigation controller, and wherein each output connector isconfigured to couple with at least one irrigation actuatable deviceconfigured to control a flow of water, wherein the irrigation controlleris separate from and external to the cycle and soak irrigation controlunit; a plurality of electrical pathways within the housing, eachelectrical pathway coupling a respective input connector to a respectivecorresponding output connector and allowing an activation signalreceived from the irrigation controller at the respective inputconnector via a respective one of the output actuation lines of theirrigation controller to be passed to the respective correspondingoutput connector; at least one switch configured to selectively allow orinterrupt activation signals to pass from a respective input connectorto a corresponding output connector; and a timing control circuitcoupled with and controlling operation of the at least one switch,wherein the timing control circuit is configured to: detect anapplication of a first activation signal from the irrigation controlleron the first input connector; and control the at least one switchaccording to a predefined cycle and soak sequence to control, inaccordance with the first activation signal received from the irrigationcontroller, a duration of a series of cycle-on timings during which thefirst activation signal is emitted from the first output connector toactivate a first actuatable device and soak-off timings during which thefirst activation signal is prevented from being emitted from the firstoutput connector deactivating the first actuatable device.

Additionally, some embodiments provide methods of implementingirrigation cycle and soak functionality, comprising: detecting, at afirst input connector of a first pair of actuation line connectors of aplurality of pairs of actuation line connectors cooperated with ahousing, an application of a first activation signal from a separate andexternal irrigation controller; accessing a first cycle-on timing and afirst soak-off timing; and repeatedly and sequentially controlling, inaccordance with the first activation signal received from the irrigationcontroller, at least one switch according to a predefined cycle and soaksequence to control: durations consistent with the first cycle-on timingduring which the first activation signal activates a separate andexternal first actuatable device, and durations consistent with thefirst soak-off timing during which the first activation signal isprevented from activating the first actuatable device.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Disclosed herein are embodiments of systems, apparatuses and methodspertaining implementing and controlling irrigation. This descriptionincludes drawings, wherein:

FIG. 1 illustrates a simplified block diagram of an exemplary irrigationsystem, in accordance with some embodiments;

FIG. 2 illustrates a simplified block diagram of an exemplary cycle andsoak irrigation control unit, in accordance with some embodiments;

FIG. 3 illustrates a simplified schematic diagram of an exemplary cycleand soak control unit, in accordance to some embodiments;

FIG. 4 illustrates a simplified schematic block diagram of an exemplarycycle and soak control unit, in accordance with some embodiments;

FIG. 5 illustrates a simplified schematic diagram of an exemplary cycleand soak module, in accordance with some embodiments;

FIG. 6A illustrates a simplified flow diagram of an exemplary process ofimplementing irrigation cycle and soak functionality separate from anirrigation controller, in accordance with some embodiments;

FIG. 6B illustrates a simplified flow diagram of an exemplary process ofimplementing irrigation cycle and soak functionality separate from anirrigation controller, in accordance with some embodiments;

FIG. 7 illustrates a simplified block diagram of an exemplary cycle andsoak control unit having a user interface secured with the housing, inaccordance with some embodiments;

FIG. 8 illustrates a simplified block diagram of an exemplary cycle andsoak control unit, in accordance with some embodiments, having a userinterface;

FIG. 9 illustrates a simplified flow diagram of an exemplary process ofimplementing irrigation cycle and soak functionality, in accordance withsome embodiments; and

FIG. 10 illustrates an exemplary system for use in implementing methods,techniques, devices, apparatuses, systems, servers, sources and enablingirrigation control, in accordance with some embodiments.

Elements in the figures are illustrated for simplicity and clarity andhave not necessarily been drawn to scale. For example, the dimensionsand/or relative positioning of some of the elements in the figures maybe exaggerated relative to other elements to help to improveunderstanding of various embodiments of the present invention. Also,common but well-understood elements that are useful or necessary in acommercially feasible embodiment are often not depicted in order tofacilitate a less obstructed view of these various embodiments of thepresent invention. Certain actions and/or steps may be described ordepicted in a particular order of occurrence while those skilled in theart will understand that such specificity with respect to sequence isnot actually required. The terms and expressions used herein have theordinary technical meaning as is accorded to such terms and expressionsby persons skilled in the technical field as set forth above exceptwhere different specific meanings have otherwise been set forth herein.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The following description is not to be taken in a limiting sense, but ismade merely for the purpose of describing the general principles ofexemplary embodiments. Reference throughout this specification to “oneembodiment,” “an embodiment,” “some embodiments”, “an implementation”,“some implementations”, “some applications”, or similar language meansthat a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described inconnection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment ofthe present invention. Thus, appearances of the phrases “in oneembodiment,” “in an embodiment,” “in some embodiments”, “in someimplementations”, and similar language throughout this specificationmay, but do not necessarily, all refer to the same embodiment.

Some embodiments provide a cycle and soak irrigation control unit thatcooperates with an irrigation controller to implement cycle and soaksequences external to the irrigation controller. As such, the cycle andsoak control unit can be cooperated with an irrigation controller, andoperates as an add-on to provide functionality that is often notavailable on the separate irrigation controller. It has been found to bebeneficial to implement irrigation through a series of cycle-on andsoak-off sequences. During the cycle-on period one or more irrigationdevices and/or valves are activated to allow water to be released ontoplants within one or more give areas and/or stations. During soak-offsequences, the water is temporarily halted for a soak period of time toallow water applied during the cycle-on period to soak into the soil.The system reduces or eliminates water run-off by allowing water to soakinto the soil instead of running off the saturated upper layer of soil.Further, the reduced water run-off can also provide for reduced waterconsumption and cost savings.

Many older existing irrigation controllers that are already installedand in use do not provide the cycle-soak functionality. Further, somenew irrigation controllers also do not provide this functionality. Someembodiments, however, provide the external cycle and soak control unitthat can operate with and/or override an irrigation controller toimplement the cycle and soak functionality.

Additionally, many water agencies are becoming ever more concerned withoverwatering through irrigation systems, including in residentialapplications. Some agencies have moved to recommend using lowprecipitation rate nozzles as a way to reduce the amount of waterapplied during a normal run cycle. This in turn may reduce the waterusage and the lost water due to run-off. Some advanced irrigationcontrollers offer the cycle and soak functionality. Again, the cycle andsoak functionality causes a set of one or more sprinklers or otherirrigation devices to be activated for a cycle-on set period of time,then turns off the sprinklers for a soak period of time so that thewater can soak into the ground before returning to a cycle-on period tocontinue irrigating. Often, however, the overall run time is not alwaysreduced. Additionally, installation of a new advanced irrigationcontroller is expensive from a home owner's point of view, particularlywhen the home owner already has an irrigation controller that is stillin good operating condition.

Some embodiments provide a cycle and soak control unit that is separatefrom and operates in cooperation with the separate irrigationcontroller. The cycle and soak control unit, in at least someimplementations, has a housing and a plurality of pairs of actuationline connectors secured with the housing. Each pair of actuation lineconnectors comprise an input connector and a corresponding outputconnector. Further, at least some of the input connectors are eachconfigured to couple with one of a plurality of controller actuationlines of the separate and external irrigation controller. At least someof the output connectors are each configured to couple with at least oneirrigation actuatable device, such as one or more valves, pumps, andother such irrigation actuatable devices, and/or other actuatabledevices such as but not limited to lighting devices, fountain pumps, gasflow control devices, etc.

One or more switches are coupled to control the passage of activationsignals between the input connectors and the output connectors of thepairs of actuation line connectors. Further, one or more timing controlcircuits or systems coupled with the switches, and is configured todetect an application of an activation signal from the irrigationcontroller on at least one of the input connectors, and to control thecorresponding switch according to a predefined cycle and soak sequenceto control, while the activation signal is received from the irrigationcontroller, a duration of a series of cycle-on timings during which thefirst activation signal is emitted from the corresponding outputconnector to activate at least one actuatable device and soak-offtimings during which the activation signal is prevented from beingemitted from the output connector deactivating the actuatable device.

FIG. 1 illustrates a simplified block diagram of an exemplary irrigationsystem, in accordance with some embodiments. The irrigation systemcomprises one or more irrigation controllers 100 having connectors 101,an irrigation cycle and soak control unit 102 having input connectors103 and output connectors 107, one or more common lines 106, a pluralityof actuation lines 108 (also referred to as station actuation lines),and one or more actuatable devices 114. The irrigation controller 100 iselectrically coupled to the cycle and soak control unit 102 via at leastthe connectors 101 and input connectors 103 through the plurality ofactuation lines 108, and in some instances the common line 106.

In some embodiments, the irrigation controller 100 (generically referredto as an electronic control device) is for example, a programmableirrigation controller that stores and executes one or more wateringprograms or schedules. The irrigation controller 100 includes one ormore microcontrollers with one or more processors and one or morememory. In some implementations, the irrigation controller 100 includesa user interface 120 to allow the user to program the irrigationcontroller 100. The user interface may include a display that displaysinformation to a user. The irrigation controller 100 controls theoperation of one or more watering station or zones. For example, theirrigation controller 100 has station output connectors at connectors101 for controlling seven different stations or zones in someembodiments. In accordance with the some embodiments, each controllablestation zone includes an actuatable device having an actuator, such as asolenoid 112 and an actuatable device, such as an irrigation valve 114.It should be understood that one or more stations or zones can beoperated in the manner described herein. The solenoid 112 iselectrically coupled to the cycle and soak control unit 102.

The cycle and soak control unit 102 controls the activation anddeactivation of the actuator, which actuates the actuatable device. Forexample, in several embodiments, the cycle and soak control unit 102activates and deactivates the solenoid 112 which in turn mechanicallyopens and closes the valve 114. In some embodiments, the cycle and soakcontrol unit 102 is coupled to and controls the activation of multiplesolenoids each corresponding to one of multiple valves or otheractuatable devices. Similarly, the cycle and soak control unit cancontrol actuatable devices in multiple different watering stations orzones.

It is noted that in other embodiments, the irrigation controller 100 isnot necessarily a programmable irrigation controller. For example, theirrigation controller 100 has a set program functionality notprogrammable by a user, or the irrigation controller is under thecontrol of another programmable irrigation controller (such as a centralcontroller, a handheld controller, etc.), such that the other irrigationcontroller is programmable or otherwise executes one or more wateringprograms and sends instructions to the irrigation controller 100, whichacts as a slave to the other controller and simply takes the instructedaction (e.g., turn on or turn off a station). Additionally, it isunderstood that the irrigation controller 100 may be programmable onmany different levels. For example, in some embodiments, the irrigationcontroller 100 includes a microprocessor, memory and an electronic userinterface 120, and has many programmable features known in today'sirrigation controllers. However, in some embodiments, the irrigationcontroller 100 is mechanically programmable by manipulating dials,buttons, switches, levers and the like that result in a timer-basedschedule of station activation. Regardless of the specific type ofirrigation controller, whether it is programmable or not, or the levelor complexity of programmability, and in accordance with severalembodiments, the irrigation controller 100 has a plurality of stationoutput connectors 101 (or station output actuation connectors) thatallow the coupling of a plurality of actuation lines 108 (stationactuation lines). These station output connectors are configured toapply activation signals to the actuation lines that carry the stationactivation signals from the irrigation controller 100 to actuateactuatable devices, which in some forms, are irrigation valves, but inother forms, may be indoor/outdoor light devices, pumps, gas flowcontrol devices, etc. In some embodiments, these activation signals takethe form of an AC voltage wave that can be applied to actuate, forexample, a non-latching solenoid so long as the AC voltage waveform isapplied to the station actuation line by the station output connector.In other embodiments, the station activation signal may be a short pulsesignal suitable to actuate a latching solenoid or another electricalsignal suitable to actuate an electrical relay or switching device.

Traditionally, the irrigation controller 100 is coupled directly to anactuatable device through an actuation line 108. When it is time toactivate a station for a zone to receive water, the irrigationcontroller 100 provides, for example, a solenoid 112 corresponding tothe station with an activation signal (e.g., a 24 volt AC power signal)over the actuation line. The solenoid 112 opens the valve and the one ormore irrigation devices 130 (e.g., sprinkler devices) corresponding tothe station or zone receive water. When the irrigation controllerdetermines it is time to stop watering in the zone, the irrigationcontroller stops providing the activation signal to the solenoid whichthen turns off the valve, or otherwise signals the solenoid to turn offthe one or more valves.

Several embodiments allow for the same irrigation controller 100 to beutilized in an irrigation system that includes the cycle and soakcontrol unit 102 as an intermediate add-on system between the irrigationcontroller and the wireline connections to the actuatable devices (e.g.,solenoid activated valves). That is, traditionally, the actuation lines108 are wires that are installed underground and run from the irrigationcontroller 100 to the actuatable device. The cycle and soak control unit102 is positioned between the irrigation controller 100 and theactuatable devices, and controls the activation of the actuatabledevices, which in some applications includes controlling the activationsignals to the solenoids based on detected activation signals receivedfrom the connectors 101 of the irrigation controller 100.

In accordance with several embodiments, the irrigation controller 100operates in the same manner as if it were not connected to the cycle andsoak control unit 102. In other words, in some implementations theoperation of the irrigation controller 100 is independent of theoperation of the cycle and soak control unit 102. From the viewpoint ofthe irrigation controller 100, the actuation lines 108 at its connectors101 are wireline connections direct to the actuatable devices (e.g.,solenoids 112) in the field. The irrigation controller 100 is unawarethat the cycle and soak control unit 102 exists or is positioned betweenthe irrigation controller and the actuatable devices. Likewise, in someembodiments the operation of the cycle and soak control unit 102 isindependent of the operation of the irrigation controller 100, otherthan the fact that the cycle and soak control unit 102 uses the stationoutputs of the irrigation controller 100 as its inputs. This providesthe ability to add cycle and soak functionality to any existingirrigation system designed with station output connectors that operatewith wireline actuation lines 108 without any modification to theirrigation controller 100, and typically without modification to theirrigation schedule or watering program of the irrigation controller.Advantageously, one would not need to replace an existing or traditionalirrigation controller 100 with a new irrigation controller that has thecycle and soak functionality. Instead, the cycle and soak control unit102 is configured to be coupled to either an existing irrigationcontroller or a new irrigation controller, and the irrigation controller100 does not know the difference and/or the operation of the irrigationcontroller is not changed as a result of the interposed cycle and soakcontrol unit 102.

In operation, in some embodiments, the irrigation controller 100provides an activation signal (e.g., a 24 volt activation signal) at itsoutput connectors 101 which normally go directly to an actuatable device114 via a wireline connection, but instead are intercepted by the cycleand soak control unit 102 at the input connectors 103 over one of theplurality of actuation lines 108. The cycle and soak control unit 102detects or senses that the activation signal has been received at aninput connector 103 (e.g., the cycle and soak control unit receives anindication that the irrigation controller 100 intends to activate thestation or zone). It is noted that when the irrigation controller 100activates a station, this may reflect a decision made by the irrigationcontroller 100 when executing a watering program, or may reflect anaction taken by the irrigation controller 100 (for example, inembodiments where the irrigation controller does not make a decision toactivate a station, but simply follows an instruction to activate astation issued by another controller controlling the irrigationcontroller 100, such as a central controller or handheld controller).Thus, generically, the cycle and soak control unit 102 receives anindication that the irrigation controller 100 has activated a particularstation. Once the cycle and soak control unit receives this indication,e.g., the cycle and soak control unit receives the activation signal,then the cycle and soak control unit 102 is activated to control aduration of on and off signals to the corresponding one or moreactuatable devices associated with the station or zone consistent withprogrammed cycle-on timing and soak-off timing to achieve the desiredcycle and soak operation, which can reduce run-off, may improve waterabsorption, and can reduce water usage.

Upon receiving the activation signal from the irrigation controller 100,the cycle and soak control unit 102 controls the output of activationsignals to one or more actuators that actuate an actuatable device,e.g., the cycle and soak control unit outputs an activation signal on acorresponding output connector 107 to the respective solenoid 112 inorder to activate the solenoid 112. In turn, the solenoid 112 opens thevalve 114 that allows water to flow there through to one or moresprinkler devices 130 downstream. Generally, the solenoid 112, the valve114 and the sprinkler devices are collectively referred to as a stationor zone.

The cycle and soak control unit continues to control the activationsignal based on the cycle-on timing and soak-off timing to controldurations of when the activation signal is active on the respectiveoutput connector 107 and when the activation signal is interrupted forthe soak-off timing. Further, the cycle and soak control unit continuesto alternate between the cycle-on and soak-off states so long as thecycle and soak control unit receives the activation signal from theirrigation controller 100 over the actuation lines 108, and/or until atermination signal is received from the irrigation controller isreceived. In some instances, the irrigation controller may generate anactivation signal that is intended triggers a latching solenoid, andthus does not maintain power on the actuation line 108. The cycle andsoak control unit can detect the activation signal and control theoutputted activation signals from the one or more output terminals untilthe termination signal is received from the irrigation controllerintending to trigger the solenoid to turn off the valve.

In some embodiments, when the irrigation controller 100 intends that thevalve 114 should be shut off, the irrigation controller 100 stopsoutputting the activation signal to the output connector 101 just as itwould normally stop outputting the activation signal to a solenoid inprior systems. The cycle and soak control unit 102 senses thetermination of the activation signal on the given actuation line 108 atthe input connectors 103 and stops transmitting the wireless activationsignal on the corresponding output connectors 107. In some embodiments,the cycle and soak control unit may continue to apply an activationsignal from one or more output connectors 107 for a limited time afterdetecting that the irrigation controller has stopped the activationsignal. For example, in some implementations, the cycle and soak controlunit may complete a cycle-on duration when the cycle and soak controlunit is in the cycle-on state when the cycle and soak control unitdetects the stopping of the activation signal from the irrigationcontroller.

FIG. 2 illustrates a simplified block diagram of an exemplary cycle andsoak control unit 102, in accordance with some embodiments. FIG. 3illustrates a simplified schematic diagram of an exemplary cycle andsoak control unit 102, in accordance to some embodiments. Referring toFIGS. 1-3, the cycle and soak control unit has a housing 202 with whichare secured a plurality of pairs of actuation line connectors 103, 107.Each pair of actuation line connectors includes an input connector 103and a corresponding output connector 107. Each input connector 103 isconfigured to electrically couple with at least one output connector 101of the irrigation controller 100 over at least one controller outputstation actuation line 108 from the irrigation controller. Each outputconnector 107 is configured to electrically couple over one or morestation actuation lines 132 with at least one actuatable device 114,which may be configured to control a flow of water to one or moreirrigation devices 130. The irrigation controller 100 is separate fromand external to the cycle and soak control unit 102, and often separatedby a distance. In some implementations, however, the housing 202 of thecycle and soak control unit can be secured with a separate housing ofthe irrigation controller while allowing coupling between the irrigationcontroller and the cycle and soak control unit over the actuation lines108.

The cycle and soak control unit 102 includes the one or more pairs ofactuation line connectors that are secured with the housing 202. Anelectrical pathway 302 is established within the housing 202 betweeneach pair of input and output actuation line connectors 103, 107. Eachelectrical pathway 302 couples a respective input connector 103 to arespective corresponding output connector 107 and allows an activationsignal received from the irrigation controller at the respective inputconnector 103 via a respective one of the output actuation lines 108 ofthe irrigation controller to be passed to the respective correspondingoutput connector 107. The output connectors 107 can be coupled to one ormore actuatable devices 114 (e.g., a solenoid of a valve) via thestation actuation lines 132 to conduct that activation signal to theactuatable device when the activation signal is applied at the outputconnector 107.

Typically, the cycle and soak control unit 102 includes a pair of commonline connectors including a common line input connector 134 and a commonline output connector 136. A common line electrical pathway 304 isestablished within the housing 202 between the input and output commonline connectors 134, 136. The common line electrical pathway 304provides for a common path or reference voltage for the actuatabledevices 114.

In some embodiments, the cycle and soak control unit 102 furtherincludes at least one switch 306 coupled with the common line electricalpathway 304 and/or the actuation line electrical pathways 302, and areconfigured to enable or disable the activation of one or more actuatabledevices 114 consistent with one or more sets of programmed cycle-ontiming and soak-off timing. Further, in some instances, one or more ofthe switches 306 cooperated on the actuation line electrical pathways302 are configured to selectively allow or interrupt activation signalsto pass from a respective input connector 103 to a corresponding outputconnector 107. The switch 306 on the common line electrical pathway canclose or open the closed circuit allowing and disrupting the operationof the actuatable devices.

Further, some embodiments include a timing control circuit 308 thatcouples with and controls the operation of the one or more switches 306.The timing control circuit applies one or more sets of programmedcycle-on timings and soak-off timings in activating and deactivating theswitch to control the actuatable devices 114. In some implementations,the timing control circuit is configured to detect and/or be activatedbased on an application of an activation signal from the irrigationcontroller 100 on one or more input connectors 103. Based on theactivation signal, the timing control circuit 308 controls one or moreof the switches 306 according to a predefined cycle and soak sequence tocontrol (e.g., while the activation signal is received from theirrigation controller, in accordance with a detected runtime, etc.) aduration of a series of cycle-on timings during which the activationsignal is emitted from the output connector to activate one or moreactuatable devices and soak-off timings during which the activationsignal is prevented from being emitted from the output connectordeactivating the actuatable device. Additionally or alternatively, insome embodiments, the timing control circuit in controlling one or moreswitches controls the switch 306 coupled with the common line electricalpathway to control the activation and deactivation of the actuatabledevice as dictated by the timing control circuit consistent with theseries of cycle-on timings and the soak-off timings.

In some implementations, the timing control circuit 308 further logs thecontrol of the one or more activation signals through the cycle and soakcontrol unit. The timing control circuit may include a processor thatrecords, for example, timing of a detected activation signal, timing ofeach activation of the switch from an active or closed state to aninterrupt or open state, timing of no longer detecting the activationsignal, and/or other such information. Such data logged information maybe stored in a local memory, communicated to the irrigation controller(e.g., encoded on one or more signals communicated over one or morestation actuation lines 108, wirelessly communicated to the irrigationcontroller, user device or other device, transferred to a memory sticktemporarily coupled with an input/output port of the cycle and soakcontrol unit (e.g., USB, lightning connector port, or other such port),or other such communication methods.

In some embodiments, the cycle and soak control unit 102 includes one ormore communication transceivers 310. For example, the transceiver may bea wireless communication transceiver configured to communicate via oneor more wireless protocols (e.g., Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, cellular, etc.) witha user's personal device (e.g., smartphone, tablet, etc.), theirrigation controller 100, or other such system. In some embodiments,the wireless transceiver 310 couples with the timing control circuit 308and is configured to wirelessly receive a defined duration of the atleast one of the cycle-on timings and the soak-off timings, which can bestored and used by the timing control circuit. Additionally oralternatively the transceiver may be coupled with one or more of theinput connectors 103 to receive communications from the irrigationcontroller. In other embodiments, the timing control circuit 308 isconfigured to detect from the irrigation controller a defined durationof the at least one of the cycle-on timings and the soak-off timings.The timing may be defined by encoding information within the activationsignal that is detected by the time control circuit and applied to anappropriate electrical pathway 302.

FIG. 4 illustrates a simplified schematic block diagram of an exemplarycycle and soak control unit 102, in accordance with some embodiments.Referring to FIGS. 1-4, in some embodiments the timing control circuit308 includes multiple timing control units 402 each communicativelycoupled with one or more switches 306. Further, in some instances, eachof the plurality of switches couples with one or more of the pluralityof electrical pathways 302 and/or the common line electrical pathway304. One of the plurality of timing control units 402 are coupled withat least one of the plurality of switches and configured toindependently control the respective at least one switch 306.

Additionally, in some embodiments, the cycle and soak control unit 102is implemented with a plurality of independent cycle and soak modules404, with each cycle and soak module 404 being associated with at leastone of the electrical paths 302 providing channels for at least thedifferent station actuation lines 108. Further, each of the cycle andsoak modules 404 include at least one of the timing control units 402,and one or more of the plurality of switches 306 controlled andactivated by the corresponding timing control unit 402. In someapplications, one or more of the cycle and soak modules 404 couples withand/or includes at least one of the pairs of actuation line connectors103, 107. A cycle and soak control unit 102 can include substantiallyany number of connector pairs, and substantially any number of cycle andsoak modules 404 each corresponding to at least one pair of input andoutput connectors 103, 107. The limit on the number of connector pairsand/or cycle and soak modules is based on the desired size of the cycleand soak control unit 102, the desired number of pairs of input andoutput connectors, an expected cost to customers, and other suchfactors. Different cycle and soak control units 102 can be implementedwith different numbers of pairs of input and output connectors, andcorresponding cycle and soak modules 404. Further, one or more of thecycle and soak control units 102 can be utilized with a singleirrigation controller 100.

The timing control units 402 can be implemented through one or moremicrocontrollers, processors, state machines, hardware, and/or othersuch circuitry and/or systems. In some embodiments, the timing controlunits are each implemented by separate microcontrollers having firmwarestoring one or more cycle-on timing and soak-off timing corresponding tothe one or more corresponding station actuation lines. In otherimplementations, the microcontrollers are programmable to specifiedand/or selected one or more predefined sets of cycle-on timings andsoak-off timings, and/or programmable to receive one or more specifiedcycle-on and soak-off timings, which can be stored in a local memory onthe microcontroller or a separate memory accessible to themicrocontroller. The switches 306 can be substantially any relevantswitch, combination of switches and/or switching circuitry that arecontrolled by the timing control circuit 308 and can alternatelyinterrupt and allow the activation signal to pass through the electricalpathways 302, 304. In some embodiments, the switches 306 are implementedthrough one or more triode thyristors (e.g., triodes for alternatingcurrent (TRIAC)), rectifiers, silicon controlled rectifiers (SCRs),solid-state switches, transistors, gate turn-off thyristors (GTOs),programmed switches, other such switches, or a combination of two ormore of such switches. In some applications, the timing control units402 may further be configured to decode information encoded in signalsreceived at the input connectors 103 (e.g., encoded in activationsignals), and/or one or more separate decoders may be coupled with theelectrical pathways and timing control units providing decoded signalsdetected on the electrical pathways from the irrigation controller.

In some embodiments, the one or more of the cycle and soak modules 404further draw power from a respective electrical pathway 302 to power thetiming control circuit 308 and/or corresponding timing control units402, and to control of the one or more switches 306. In someimplementations, the timing control circuit 308, timing control units402 and/or switches 306 may operate at a voltage other than that appliedon the actuation lines 108. Some embodiments include one or more voltageregulators 408 that can provide power to and/or establish a voltagedifferential relative to the voltage on the actuation lines to power thetiming control circuit 308, timing control units 402 and/or switches306. In some instances, each cycle and soak module 404 includes at leastone voltage regulator 408 to provide power to the components and/orcircuits of the cycle and soak module. In such implementations, thetiming control circuit 308 draws power from an activation signal inpowering the timing control circuit and controlling one or morerespective switches 306.

FIG. 5 illustrates a simplified schematic diagram of an exemplary cycleand soak module 404, in accordance with some embodiments. The cycle andsoak module 404 includes the microcontroller 500 implementing the timingcontrol unit 402 coupled with the voltage regulator 408. Themicrocontroller 500 receives a power voltage (Vpower 502) provided by avoltage differential established by the voltage regulator 408 between anactivation signal received at an input connector 103 from the stationactuation line 108 and a reference ground (RGND) established by thevoltage regulator 408. A switch signal output 504 of the microcontroller500 couples with one or more switches 306. The microcontroller 500utilizes the set of cycle-on timing and soak-off timing to control theswitch. The outputted switch signal controls the switch 306 to preventor allow the actuation signal to pass to the output connector 107 basedon cycling through the series of cycle-on timings and soak-off timings.In some implementations, the microcontroller 500 may be implemented, forexample, through one or more small outline integrated circuits (SOIC),or other relevant microcontroller.

FIG. 6A illustrates a simplified flow diagram of an exemplary process600 of implementing irrigation cycle and soak functionality separatefrom an irrigation controller 100, in accordance with some embodiments.In step 602, an application of an activation signal is detected, fromthe separate and external irrigation controller 100, at an inputconnector 103 of a pair of actuation line connectors. As such, power isapplied to at least one output connector 107. In some implementations,the input connector 103 is associated with one of multiple cycle andsoak modules 404 of the cycle and soak control unit 102.

In step 604, a cycle-on timing and a soak-off timing are identified. Insome implementations, the cycle-on and soak-off timing correspond to theinput connector upon which the activation signal is received. Further,the cycle-on and soak-off timings may be predefined in firmware, whilein other instances the cycle-on and soak-off timings may be defined,such as through a user interface of the cycle and soak control unit 102,through a wireless communication between the cycle and soak control unit102 and a user's electronic device (e.g., smartphone, tablet, laptop,etc.), through the irrigation controller (e.g., programmed through theirrigation controller by the user, and communicated through modulatedsignals over one or more of the common line and/or the station actuationlines 108, or other such programming. Further, in some embodiments,multiple cycle-on and soak-off timings may be identified correspondingto the input connector, and thus, the one or more corresponding outputconnectors 107. Additionally, in some embodiments, the timing controlcircuit 308 may further identify the input and output connectorscorresponding to the one or more received activation signals.

In step 606, the activation signal is allowed to pass through the one ormore switches 306 associated with the activation signal with the one ormore switches in a closed or active state so that the activation signalis outputted from the relevant output connectors 107 and supplied to theappropriate one or more actuatable devices 114. In some instances, theswitch is configured to be in a closed state when there is not anactivation signal applied to the input connector 103 and thus theelectrical pathway 302 corresponding to the switch (e.g., in a closedstate when the cycle and soak module 404 and/or the cycle and soakcontrol unit 102 is in an inactive state). With the switch defaulting tothe closed state, when an activation signal is applied to the inputconnector, the activation signal is passed through the cycle and soakcontrol unit to be applied to the corresponding actuatable device 114.In other implementations, the timing control circuit triggers one ormore switches to be in the closed state. In step 608, the timing controlcircuit 308 activates a timer and identifies when the activation signalhas been allowed to pass through the switch for the identified cycle-ontiming.

In step 610, the one or more switches 306 are triggered to transition toan open or interrupt state interrupting the activation signal. In step612, the timing control circuit 308 continues to track the time that theactivation signal has been prevented from passing through the switch,and identifies when the activation signal has been interrupted for theidentified soak-off timing. The process can repeatedly and sequentiallycontrol the closing and opening of the switch while the first activationsignal is received from the irrigation controller and/or to achieve atotal cycle-on time consistent with the duration the activation signalis received from the irrigation controller. In some embodiments, theprocess repeatedly and sequentially controls at least one switchaccording to the predefined cycle and soak sequence to control durationsconsistent with the cycle-on timing during which the activation signalactivates the separate and external actuatable device 114, and durationsconsistent with the soak-off timing during which the activation signalis prevented from activating the actuatable device.

As such, in some implementations, the process 600 includes step 614where it is determined whether the activation signal continues to beapplied at the input connector 103. When the activation signal continuesto be applied, the process returns to step 606 to close the switch 306to again allow the activation signal to pass through the cycle and soakcontrol unit 102 to the relevant actuatable device(s) 114, and again instep 608 tracks the time that the switch is closed. Further, in someimplementations, when it is determined in step 614 that the activationsignal is no longer detected, the process returns to step 602 to awaitthe detection of the activation signal at the input connector 103. Insome embodiments, the process includes an override interrupt that haltsthe process 600 in response to the activation signal no longer beingapplied to the input connector. The timing control circuit may furtherforce the switch to the default state (e.g., closed state in someapplications). This forced default state may be achieved through powerfrom one or more capacitors or other storage devices that are chargedwhile the activation signal was being applied. In other instances, thecycle and soak control unit 102 may include a separate power source(e.g., a battery, solar power, power from an output voltage on theirrigation controller, an external power source (e.g., plugged into awall socket), and/or other such external power source). In manyapplications, however, the cycle and soak control unit 102 is powered bythe applied activation signals by the irrigation controller on thestation actuation lines 108.

In some embodiments, the timing control circuit 308, one or more timingcontrol units 402 and/or a separate microcontroller are configuredcontinue to cycle through the cycle-on and soak-off timings until anaccumulated or total cycle-on timing is equal to (or within somethreshold of, within a predefined percentage of, or some otherpredefined variation of) the programmed runtime intended by theirrigation controller 100. Often, the total irrigation program runtimefor a zone (or cooperated set of irrigation devices 130 and/oractuatable device 114) by an irrigation controller causes a predefinedquantity of water to be applied to the plant life of that zone (e.g.,flow rate through the one or more sprinklers times the total runtime ofthose one or more sprinklers). Often the setting of the one or moreruntimes of a zone is to achieve a desired quantity of water to beapplied to the plant life of that zone. Accordingly, the runtime isoften set to cause a desired quantity of water to be applied to theplant life. As such, the cycle and soak unit 102 in some implementationscan be configured to determine an intended total runtime on an inputconnector 103, and continue to cycle through the cycle-on and soak-offtimings until a summation of the cycle-on timings is equal to (or withina threshold of) the programmed runtime. This provides substantially thesame quantity of intended water to the plant life, while also providingthe benefit of the soak-off timing to allow a greater quantity of thewater to be received by the plant life and reducing run-off. The totaltime to deliver the intended quantity of water is increased based on thetotal soak-off timings, while still delivering the programmed quantityof water or at least a quantity of water that is within a threshold ofthe programmed quantity.

Accordingly, in some embodiments, the timing control circuit 308, timingcontrol units 402 and/or one or more separate controllers are configuredto monitor, for each input connector 103, the time that an activationsignal is being applied by the irrigation controller to that particularinput connector 103. The total programmed runtime can then be determinedbased on the duration of time that an activation signal is applied tothe input connector. In some embodiments, the cycle and soak controlunit 102 can continue to implement the cycle-on and soak-off timing evenafter the activation signal is no longer applied to the input connector,while tracking the cycle-on timings to stop irrigation when the totalcycle-on time is equal to or within a threshold of the detected durationof time the activation signal is detected at the input connector 103.

Some embodiments further implement the cycle-on and soak-off timingsbetween different input connectors (and thus different zones) to accountfor available water pressure. As such, the cycle and soak control unit102 may continue to allow the cycle-on and soak-off timings relative toa first connector pair 103, 107 even after the activation signal is nolonger received at the input connector 103, and delay an activationsignal from one or more other output connectors 107 of one or more otherconnector pairs even though one or more subsequent activations signalsmay be detected at the one or more other input connectors 103 of thoseother connector pairs. The timing of the activation signals on those oneor more other connector pairs continues to be tracked, and the cycle andsoak control unit 102 subsequently implements the respective cycle-onand soak-off timings for each of those other connector pairs. In otherimplementations, the cycle and soak control unit may interrupt thecycle-on activation signal at a first connector output in response to atermination of the activation signal at the corresponding first inputconnector, and later return to the first connector pair (e.g., afteractivation signals are no longer detected on one of the inputconnectors), to continue to transition between cycle-on and soak-offstates until the summation of cycle-on timings is equal to or within athreshold of the detected duration of the activation signal on thatfirst input connector. In some embodiments, the timing control circuit103 and/or a separate controller tracks the separate activation signals(e.g., when stations are programmed to turn on and off as signaled bythe irrigation controller 100), and space out the activation signalsacross the multiple different connector pairs, which in part cancompensate for a potential reduction in water pressure than mayadversely affect the distribution of water from the irrigation devices130. In some embodiments, cycle-on and soak-off timing is continuedrelative to a first connector pair even after the activation signal isno longer detected at the first activation pair and is instead detectedon a second activation pair, until the total cycle-on timing is withinthe threshold of the duration of the activation of that connector pair;and one or more subsequent connector pairs can be queued up and thedurations of the activation signals for those pairs are detected, andsequentially controlled until the total cycle-on timing for those pairsis within a threshold of the detected durations. In other instances, thecycle and soak process for a first connector pair can be put on holdwhile one or more subsequent connector pairs are activated, and thecycle and soak control unit can later return to the first connector pairand complete the irrigation for that connector pair. Some embodimentsadditionally or alternatively utilize the soak-off timings of oneconnector pair to implement some or all of a single cycle-on timing forone or more other connector pairs in accumulating cycle-on timings forthose one or more connector pairs that accumulate to the totalactivation duration. Further, some implementations may modify soak-offtimings of a connector pair to accommodate one or more cycle-on timingsof one or more other connector pairs.

FIG. 6B illustrates a simplified flow diagram of an exemplary process650 of implementing irrigation cycle and soak functionality separatefrom an irrigation controller 100, in accordance with some embodiments.In step 652, an application of an activation signal is detected, fromthe separate and external irrigation controller 100, at an inputconnector 103 of a first of the many pairs of actuation line connectors.In some applications, the cycle and soak control unit is configured todetect activation signals applied simultaneously at multiple differentinput connectors 103 and separately track the different activationsignals. In step 653 an active signal timer is triggered to track theduration of the active signal. In some implementations, the process 650is implemented separately for each pair of input and output connectors.

In step 654, a cycle-on timing and a soak-off timing are identified. Instep 656, the cycle-on state is implemented and the activation signal isallowed to pass through the one or more switches 306 associated with theactivation signal with the one or more switches in a closed or activestate so that the activation signal is outputted from the relevantoutput connectors 107 and supplied to the appropriate one or moreactuatable devices 114. During the cycle-on period power is applied toat least the corresponding output connector 107 of the connector pair.In some implementations, the input connector 103 is associated with oneof multiple cycle and soak modules 404 of the cycle and soak controlunit 102, and the corresponding timing control unit 402 tracks theactivation signal on the respective input connector. In otherimplementations, a separate and/or dedicated microcontroller tracks theduration of activation signals applied to one or more input connectors103. In step 658, the timing control circuit 308 activates a timer andidentifies when the activation signal has been allowed to pass throughone or more switches 306 for the identified cycle-on timing.

In step 660, the one or more switches 306 are triggered to transition toan open or interrupt state interrupting the activation signal. In step661, the duration of the cycle-on time is summed with the summation ofthe duration of previous cycle-on timings while the activation signalcontinues to be applied on the input connector. In step 662, the timingcontrol circuit 308 continues to track the time that the activationsignal has been prevented from passing through the switch, andidentifies when the activation signal has been interrupted for theidentified soak-off timing. The process can repeatedly and sequentiallycontrol the closing and opening of the one or more switches while theactivation signal is received from the irrigation controller. In someembodiments, the process repeatedly and sequentially controls at leastone switch 306 according to the predefined cycle and soak sequence tocontrol durations consistent with the cycle-on timing during which theactivation signal activates the separate and external actuatable device114, and durations consistent with the soak-off timing during which theactivation signal is prevented from activating the actuatable device.The process 650 continues to sum the cycle-on timings as the cycle andsoak control unit 102 switches between cycle-on and soak-off states.

At step 664 the process determines whether the activation signalcontinues to be applied at the input connector 103. When the activationsignal continues to be applied, the process returns to step 656 to closethe switch 306 to again allow the activation signal to pass through thecycle and soak control unit 102 to the relevant actuatable device(s)114, and again in step 658 tracks the time for the cycle-on time. Whenit is determined in step 664 that the activation signal is no longerdetected, the process continues to step 668 where the active signaltimer is stopped to obtain a total irrigation program runtime of theactivation signal. In step 670, an extended activation signal is appliedto the corresponding one or more output connectors for the duration ofthe cycle-on timing. The signal can be generated through a local powersource (e.g., battery, rechargeable battery, capacitors, other suchstorage devices, or combination of such storage devices), an externalpower source (e.g., a standard electrical outlet), other such powersource or combination of power sources. In step 672, the one or moreswitches 306 are triggered to transition to a soak-off or interruptstate interrupting the extended activation signal for the soak-offtiming. In step 674, the duration of the cycle-on time is summed withthe duration of previous cycle-on timings. In step 674, it is determinedwhether a total cycle-on timing corresponding to an activation signal iswithin a threshold of the duration that the activation signal wasreceived on the input connector. The threshold may be a pre-set, set bya user, or the like. In some instances, the threshold corresponds tosubstantially equal to the time the activation signal is applied. Inother instances, the threshold may be a percentage (e.g., 75%, 80%,etc.). The percentage allows the application of a reduced amount ofwater, such as because of the expected reduced run-off. When the totalcycle-on time is not within the threshold, the process 650 returns tostep 670 to again apply the extended activation signal. When the totalcycle-on time is within the threshold the process halts the applicationof the extended activation signal, and returns to step 652 to await thedetection of the activation signal at the input connector 103. In someembodiments, the process 650 may include an override interrupt thathalts the process 650 in response to the total cycle-on timing beingwithin the threshold of the duration of the activation signal. Again,some embodiments prevents the simultaneous activation of a thresholdnumber of connector pairs, which may be consistent with a number ofactivation signals simultaneously detected on input connectors 103. Thecycle and soak control unit can track the durations of differentactivation signals, and control the cycle-on timings of different outputconnectors to achieve total runtimes that are consistent with theprogrammed irrigation runtimes, and while controlling activation tolimit adverse effects from a result of insufficient water pressure.

As described above, in some embodiments, the cycle and soak control unit102 includes a user interface. FIG. 7 illustrates a simplified blockdiagram of an exemplary cycle and soak control unit 102 having a userinterface 702 secured with the housing 202, in accordance with someembodiments. The user interface 702 includes one or more disable options704 that are selectable and/or movable by the user. In some instances,the disable options 704 may be dip switches, push buttons, levers orother such options that allow the user to define whether the cycle andsoak control unit is to control activation signals. When the disableoption is in a first state, the cycle and soak control unit does notimplement the cycle and soak functionality for at least a correspondingone or more electrical pathways, and thus maintains the correspondingone or more switches in the closed state allowing activation signals topass through the cycle and soak control unit without interrupting theactivation signals. Alternatively, when the disable option 704 is in asecond state, the cycle and soak control unit 102 operates to implementthe cycle and soak functionality to interrupt the activation signalduring the soak-off timing. In some embodiments, there is a single ormaster disable option 705 (e.g., coupled with each of the timing controlunits 402, the common line electrical pathway, etc.) that disables thecycle and soak functionality of the cycle and soak control unit. Someembodiments include one or more disable options 704 associated with eachelectrical pathway and/or each input and output connector pair. Thesedisable options 704 may couple with a respective one of the timingcontrol units 402 to set the timing control unit into an active state toimplement the cycle and soak functionality, and a disable statedisabling the timing control circuit from preventing the activationsignal from be applied to a corresponding one or more output connectors107. In the disable state, for example, a timing control unit does notactivate the cycle and soak functionality for that electrical pathwayand does cause an interruption of the activation signal for the soak-offtiming. The disable options 704 may be cooperated with an exterior ofthe housing 202, within an opening formed in the housing, or the like.

FIG. 8 illustrates a simplified block diagram of an exemplary cycle andsoak control unit 102, in accordance with some embodiments, having auser interface 802. The user interface 802 can include one or moreselectable options 804, which may be physical buttons, switches, or thelike, and/or options displayed on a display 806 that are selectable by auser through a touchscreen and/or one or more physical buttons thatcorrespond with a displayed option. In some instances, the display maybe a touchscreen, and in other instances one or more selectable options804 may cause a displayed selection or highlighting option to transitionbetween different displayed options 808, that can be selected throughone or more of the selectable options and/or the touchscreen. In someimplementations, the display 806 is coupled with the timing controlcircuit and/or other control circuit (e.g., an additional processor)that controls the display to display options 808 and/or otherinformation. For example, the display can be control to display thedefined duration of the cycle-on timings and the soak-off timingsdefined in response to detecting a selection of one or more selectableoptions. In some applications, the housing may include a door, flap orthe like that can be opened to expose the display and/or user interface,or closed to protect the display and/or user interface. Additionally oralternatively, the housing may include one or more doors, flaps or thelike that when opened exposes the input connectors and/or outputconnectors. The doors may establish a water tight seal when closed.

In some embodiments, the timing control units 402 are each implementedby separate microcontrollers having firmware storing one or morecycle-on timing and soak-off timing corresponding to the one or morecorresponding station actuation lines. In other implementations, themicrocontrollers are programmable to specify and/or selected one or morepredefined sets of cycle-on and soak-off timings, and/or programmable toreceive one or more specified cycle-on and soak-off timings, which canbe stored in a local memory on the microcontroller or a separate memoryaccessible to the microcontroller. In some embodiments, one or more ofthe timing control units 402 couple with one or more user interfaces ofthe cycle and soak control unit 102, while in other implementations,separate control circuitry and/or user interface controller areincorporated into the cycle and soak control unit 102 to provide controlover the user interface.

FIG. 9 illustrates a simplified flow diagram of an exemplary process 900of implementing irrigation cycle and soak functionality, in accordancewith some embodiments. In step 902, an application of an activationsignal from a separate and external irrigation controller is detect atan input connector 103 of a pair of actuation line connectors of ahousing 202 of the cycle and soak control unit 102. In step 904, one ormore predefined cycle-on timings and one or more soak-off timings areaccessed that correspond to the input connector.

In step 906, at least one switch 306 is repeatedly and sequentiallycontrolled according to a predefined cycle and soak sequence inaccordance with the activation signal received from the irrigationcontroller. The controlling of the switch includes controlling:durations consistent with the cycle-on timing during which theactivation signal activates a separate and external actuatable device114, and durations consistent with the soak-off timing during which theactivation signal is prevented from activating the first actuatabledevice.

In some embodiments, an application of an activation signal from aseparate and external irrigation controller is detect at an inputconnector 103 of a pair of actuation line connectors of a housing 202 ofthe cycle and soak control unit 102. One or more predefined cycle-ontimings and one or more soak-off timings are accessed and/or identifiedthat correspond to the input connector upon which that activation signalis being applied.

At least one switch 306 can be controlled according to a predefinedcycle and soak sequence to control a durations consistent with theaccessed cycle-on timing during which the activation signal is passed tothe output connector 107 to activate a separate and external actuatabledevice 114. Further, the switch 306 is controlled to control a durationconsistent with the identified soak-off timing during which theactivation signal is prevented from activating the actuatable device.The control of the switch according to the cycle-on timing and thesoak-off timing can be repeatedly and sequentially implemented inaccordance with the activation signal (e.g., while the activation signalis received from the irrigation controller, for a total cycle-on timeconsistent with the detected duration of the activation signal, for apredefined percentage of the duration of the activation signal, or thelike).

In controlling one or more switches 306, some embodiments control aswitch to open and close a common line electrical pathway 304 within thehousing in controlling the activation and deactivation of the actuatabledevice 114 consistent with the cycle-on timing and the soak-off timing.In some embodiments, one or more of a plurality of switches 306 eachcoupled with one of a plurality of electrical pathways 302 within thehousing that couples a respective input connector 103 to a respectivecorresponding output connector 107 of the plurality of pairs ofactuation line connectors is independently controlled through arespective one of a plurality of timing control units 402 of the timingcontrol circuit 308 that are each coupled with a respective one of theplurality of switches.

The timing control circuit 308, in some applications, draws power fromthe activation signal and powers the timing control circuit incontrolling the one or more switches 306. Further, the cycle and soakcontrol unit 102 may, in some implementations, receive a definedduration of at least one of the cycle-on timing and the soak-off timingbased on a selection of a selectable option 704, 804, 808 of a userinterface 702, 802 secured with the housing. As described above, thecycle and soak control unit may display on a display of the userinterface 802 the defined duration of at least one of the cycle-ontiming and the soak-off timing. The defined durations may be receivedbased on a detection of a selection of a physical button 804 of aplurality of physical buttons that are secured with the housing andselectable by a user.

The user interface may additionally or alternatively include a disableoptions 704. The timing control circuit may detect an activation of adisable option cooperated with the housing, which can disable the timingcontrol circuit from preventing the activation signal from being appliedto an output connector 107 coupled with the respective electricalpathway within the housing that couples a respective input connector tothe respective corresponding output connector. Further, in someembodiments, a defined duration of the cycle-on timing and the soak-offtiming may be received from the irrigation controller 100. In otherimplementations, a defined duration of the cycle-on timing and thesoak-off timing may be wirelessly received.

Some embodiments detect, at an input connector 103 of a first pair ofactuation line connectors cooperated with the housing, an application ofan activation signal from an irrigation controller 100, which isseparate from and external to the housing of the cycle and soak controlunit 102. A cycle-on timing and a soak-off timing can be identified thatare defined for the input connector on which the activation signal isdetected. One or more switches can be controlled to repeatedly andsequentially: enable the activation system to pass to an outputconnector for the cycle-on timing; and prevent the activation signalfrom passing to the output connector for the soak-off timing. In someinstances a switch 306 cooperated with the common line can be activatedto implement the control over one or more activation signals by closingand opening the common line and interrupting the operation of theintended one or more actuatable devices 114. In other instances, one ormore switches of internal electrical pathways 302 can be independentlycontrolled to control the output of activation signals to the outputconnectors 107.

Further, the circuits, circuitry, systems, devices, processes, methods,techniques, functionality, services, servers, sources and the likedescribed herein may be utilized, implemented and/or run on manydifferent types of devices and/or systems. FIG. 10 illustrates anexemplary system 1000 that may be used for implementing any of theunits, components, circuits, circuitry, systems, functionality,apparatuses, processes, or devices of the irrigation system of FIG. 1,and/or other above or below mentioned systems or devices, or parts ofsuch circuits, circuitry, functionality, systems, apparatuses,processes, or devices. For example, the system 1000 may be used toimplement some or all of the cycle and soak control unit 102, the timingcontrol circuit 308, the timing control unit 402, the irrigationcontroller 100, microcontroller 500, and/or other such components,circuitry, functionality and/or devices. However, the use of the system1000 or any portion thereof is certainly not required.

By way of example, the system 1000 may comprise a control circuit orprocessor module 1012, memory 1014, and one or more communication links,paths, buses or the like 1018. Some embodiments may include one or moreuser interfaces 1016, and/or one or more internal and/or external powersources or supplies 1040. The control circuit 1012 can be implementedthrough one or more processors, microprocessors, central processingunit, logic, local digital storage, firmware, software, and/or othercontrol hardware and/or software, and may be used to execute or assistin executing the steps of the processes, methods, functionality andtechniques described herein, and control various decisions, programs,activations, triggers, storage, communications, interfaces, logging,etc. Further, in some embodiments, the control circuit 1012 can be partof control circuitry and/or a control system 1010, which may beimplemented through one or more processors with access to one or morememory 1014 that can store instructions, code and the like that isimplemented by the control circuit and/or processors to implementintended functionality. Again, the system 1000 may be used to implementone or more of the above or below, or parts of, units, circuits,systems, circuitry, components, processes and the like.

Some embodiments include a user interface 1016 that can allow a user tointeract with the system 1000 and receive information through thesystem. In some instances, the user interface 1016 includes a display1022 and/or one or more user inputs 1024, such as buttons, touch screen,track ball, keyboard, mouse, etc., which can be part of or wired orwirelessly coupled with the system 1000. Typically, the system 1000further includes one or more communication interfaces, ports,transceivers 1020 and the like allowing the system 1000 to communicateover a communication bus, wirelessly, a distributed computer and/orcommunication network (e.g., a local area network (LAN), the Internet,wide area network (WAN), etc.), communication link 1018, other networksor communication channels with other devices and/or other suchcommunications or combination of two or more of such communicationmethods. Further the transceiver 1020 can be configured for wired,wireless, optical, fiber optical cable, or other such communicationconfigurations or combinations of two or more of such communications.

Some embodiments include one or more input/output (I/O) ports 1034 thatallow one or more devices to couple with the system 1000. The I/O portscan be substantially any relevant port or combinations of ports, such asbut not limited to USB, Ethernet, or other such ports. The I/O interface1034 can be configured to allow wired and/or wireless communicationcoupling to external components. For example, the I/O interface canprovide wired communication and/or wireless communication (e.g., Wi-Fi,Bluetooth, cellular, RF, and/or other such wireless communication), andin some instances may include any known wired and/or wirelessinterfacing device, circuit and/or connecting device, such as but notlimited to one or more transmitters, receivers, transceivers, orcombination of two or more of such devices.

The system 1000 comprises an example of a control and/or processor-basedsystem with the control circuit 1012. Again, the control circuit 1012can be implemented through one or more processors, controllers, centralprocessing units, logic, software and the like. Further, in someimplementations the control circuit 1012 may provide multiprocessorfunctionality.

The memory 1014, which can be accessed by the control circuit 1012,typically includes one or more processor readable and/or computerreadable media accessed by at least the control circuit 1012, and caninclude volatile and/or nonvolatile media, such as RAM, ROM, EEPROM,flash memory and/or other memory technology. Further, the memory 1014 isshown as internal to the control system 1010; however, the memory 1014can be internal, external or a combination of internal and externalmemory. Similarly, some or all of the memory 1014 can be internal,external or a combination of internal and external memory of the controlcircuit 1012. The external memory can be substantially any relevantmemory such as, but not limited to, solid-state storage devices ordrives, hard drive, one or more of universal serial bus (USB) stick ordrive, flash memory secure digital (SD) card, other memory cards, andother such memory or combinations of two or more of such memory, andsome or all of the memory may be distributed at multiple locations overthe computer network. The memory 1014 can store code, software,executables, scripts, data, content, lists, programming, programs, logor history data, user information, customer information, productinformation, and the like. While FIG. 10 illustrates the variouscomponents being coupled together via a bus, it is understood that thevarious components may actually be coupled to the control circuit and/orone or more other components directly.

In some embodiments, the cycle and soak control unit 102 provides anaftermarket product, which is wired in between an irrigation controller100 and the one or more actuatable devices 114. The cycle and soakcontrol unit 102 can be installed inside or outside and includes inputconnectors 103 that couple with station actuation lines 108 from theirrigation controller, and export or output connectors 107 that couplewith station actuation lines 132 to the actuatable devices 114. Thecycle and soak control unit 102 can be positioned in substantially anylocation, and in some implementations includes mounting structures, suchas screw holes, punch outs, brackets, hooks and/or other such mountingstructures. In some implementations, the cycle and soak control unit maybe mounted to an irrigation controller 100, adjacent an irrigationcontroller, positioned within a housing of the irrigation controller,positioned in a valve box below ground, positioned with actuatabledevices 114 distant from the irrigation controller, or in other relevantlocations. The wires that typically lead back to the irrigationcontroller 100 can be wired to the connectors of the cycle and soakcontrol unit. In some implementation, the housing 202 provides a weatherproof enclosure to protect the internal circuitry and/or components. Instill other implementations, the housing provides a water-tight sealenabling the cycle and soak control unit 102 to be submerged in water.Further, the cycle and soak control unit can be implemented in at leastsome embodiments without altering the operation of the irrigationcontroller 100. Typically, the irrigation schedule does not have to bechanged to accommodate the cycle and soak functionality provided throughthe cycle and soak control unit. Further, the cycle and soak controlunit often provides a reduction in water consumption while maintainingor even improving plant life conditions by in part limiting waterrun-off.

In some embodiments, the cycle and soak control unit 102 does not couplewith external power to operate, and instead receives input power fromthe activation signals from the irrigation controller 100 that isintended to control the actuatable devices 114. Utilizing the cycle-ontiming and the soak-off timing the cycle and soak control unit boardinterrupts the activation signal that is applied to the actuatabledevice, which will turn off the actuatable device (e.g., valve) for thesoak-off preset amount of time. The irrigation controller 100 continuesto operate during the soak-off time, and typically is unaware of theinterrupt. After the soak-off timing has elapsed, the cycle and soakcontrol unit 102 allows the activation signal to pass to the actuatabledevice turning the actuatable device back on.

The cycle-on timing and the soak-off timing can be substantially anyduration (e.g., from 1 second to unlimited minutes). Similarly, thecycle and soak control unit 102 can be configured with substantially anynumber of connector pairs to enable control of substantially number ofactuatable devices. Further, the cycle and soak control unit can controlsubstantially any number of actuatable devices limited by the number ofvalves that are wired to an irrigation controller 100.

As a non-limiting example, a cycle and soak control unit 102 can beprogrammed to allow 3 minutes of irrigation cycle-on timing, and 1minute of soak-off timing. If the irrigation controller is scheduled torun 20 minutes on a particular station actuation line, an exemplarycycle and soak irrigation process would be as follows: minutes 1-3allows the irrigation; minute 3-4 interrupts irrigation (i.e., for 1minute); minutes 4-7 allows the irrigation; minute 7-8 interruptsirrigation; minutes 8-11 allows irrigation; minute 11-12 interruptsirrigation; minutes 12-15 allows irrigation; minute 15-16 stopsirrigation; minutes 16-19 allows irrigation; minute 19-20 interruptsirrigation; and the irrigation cycle is stopped upon the termination ofthe activation signal. In this example, irrigation is interrupted for 4of the programmed 20 minutes, which is a 20% reduction in water usage.It is recognized that a user may increase the irrigation program runtime if the plant life of one or more irrigation zones are stressed,which could negate/reduce the water savings.

While the invention herein disclosed has been described by means ofspecific embodiments and applications thereof, other modifications,variations, and arrangements of the present invention may be made inaccordance with the above teachings other than as specifically describedto practice the invention within the spirit and scope defined by thefollowing claims. Those skilled in the art will recognize that a widevariety of other modifications, alterations, and combinations can alsobe made with respect to the above described embodiments withoutdeparting from the scope of the invention, and that such modifications,alterations, and combinations are to be viewed as being within the ambitof the inventive concept.

What is claimed is:
 1. A cycle and soak irrigation control unit,comprising: a housing; a plurality of pairs of actuation line connectorssecured with the housing and each pair comprising an input connector anda corresponding output connector, wherein each input connector isconfigured to couple with at least one controller output actuation lineof an irrigation controller, and wherein each output connector isconfigured to couple with at least one irrigation actuatable deviceconfigured to control a flow of water, wherein the irrigation controlleris separate from and external to the cycle and soak irrigation controlunit; a plurality of electrical pathways within the housing, eachelectrical pathway coupling a respective input connector to a respectivecorresponding output connector and allowing an activation signalreceived from the irrigation controller at the respective inputconnector via a respective one of the output actuation lines of theirrigation controller to be passed to the respective correspondingoutput connector; at least one switch configured to selectively allow orinterrupt activation signals to pass from a respective input connectorto a corresponding output connector; and a timing control circuitcoupled with and controlling operation of the at least one switch,wherein the timing control circuit is configured to: detect anapplication of a first activation signal from the irrigation controlleron the first input connector; and control the at least one switchaccording to a predefined cycle and soak sequence to control, inaccordance with the first activation signal received from the irrigationcontroller, a duration of a series of cycle-on timings during which thefirst activation signal is emitted from the first output connector toactivate a first actuatable device and soak-off timings during which thefirst activation signal is prevented from being emitted from the firstoutput connector deactivating the first actuatable device.
 2. The cycleand soak control unit of claim 1, further comprising: a common lineinput connector; a common line output connector; and a common lineelectrical pathway within the housing coupling the common line inputconnector to the common line output connector; wherein the at least oneswitch couples with the common line electrical pathway and is configuredto control the activation and deactivation of the first actuatabledevice as dictated by the timing control circuit consistent with theseries of cycle-on timings and the soak-off timings.
 3. The cycle andsoak control unit of claim 1, wherein the at least one switch comprisesa plurality of switches each coupled with one of the plurality ofelectrical pathways; and wherein the timing control circuit comprises aplurality of timing control units each coupled with at least one of theplurality of switches and configured independently control therespective at least one of the plurality of switches.
 4. The cycle andsoak control unit of claim 3, further comprising: a plurality ofindependent cycle and soak modules, wherein each of the plurality ofindependent cycle and soak modules comprises: one of the plurality ofthe pairs of actuation line connectors; one of the plurality of timingcontrol units; and one of the plurality of switches activated by thecorresponding timing control unit.
 5. The cycle and soak control unit ofclaim 1, wherein the timing control circuit draws power from the firstactivation signal in powering the timing control circuit and controllingthe at least one switch.
 6. The cycle and soak control unit of claim 1,further comprising: a user interface secured with the housing andcomprising at least one selectable option to define the duration of atleast one of the cycle-on timings and the soak-off timings.
 7. The cycleand soak control unit of claim 6, wherein the user interface comprises adisplay configured to display at least the defined duration of the atleast one of the cycle-on timings and the soak-off timings defined inresponse to detecting a selection of the at least one selectable option.8. The cycle and soak control unit of claim 6, wherein the at least oneselectable option comprises a plurality of physical buttons that areselectable by a user.
 9. The cycle and soak control unit of claim 1,further comprising a first disable option coupled with the timingcontrol circuit and configured to disable the timing control circuitfrom preventing the first activation signal from be applied to the firstoutput connector.
 10. The cycle and soak control unit of claim 1,wherein the timing control circuit is configured to detect from theirrigation controller a defined duration of the at least one of thecycle-on timings and the soak-off timings.
 11. The cycle and soakcontrol unit of claim 1, further comprising: a wireless transceivercoupled with the timing control circuit and configured to wirelesslyreceive a defined duration of the at least one of the cycle-on timingsand the soak-off timings.
 12. A method of implementing irrigation cycleand soak functionality, comprising: detecting, at a first inputconnector of a first pair of actuation line connectors of a plurality ofpairs of actuation line connectors cooperated with a housing, anapplication of a first activation signal from a separate and externalirrigation controller, wherein the first pair of actuation lineconnectors comprises the first input connector and a corresponding firstoutput connector; accessing a first cycle-on timing and a first soak-offtiming; and repeatedly and sequentially controlling, in accordance withthe first activation signal received from the irrigation controller, atleast one switch according to a predefined cycle and soak sequence tocontrol: durations consistent with the first cycle-on timing duringwhich the first activation signal activates a separate and externalfirst actuatable device, and durations consistent with the firstsoak-off timing during which the first activation signal is preventedfrom activating the first actuatable device.
 13. The method of claim 12,wherein the controlling the at least one switch comprises opening andclosing a common line electrical pathway within the housing incontrolling an activation and deactivation of the first actuatabledevice consistent with the first cycle-on timing and the first soak-offtiming.
 14. The method of claim 12, further comprising: independentlycontrolling a respective one of a plurality of switches, each coupledwith one of a plurality of electrical pathways within the housing andcoupling a respective input connector to a respective correspondingoutput connector of the plurality of pairs of actuation line connectors,through a respective one of a plurality of timing control units of thetiming control circuit each coupled with a respective one of theplurality of switches.
 15. The method of claim 12, further comprising:drawing power from the first activation signal and powering the timingcontrol circuit in controlling the at least one switch.
 16. The methodof claim 12, further comprising: receiving a defined duration of atleast one of the first cycle-on timing and the first soak-off timingbased on a selection of a selectable option of a user interface securedwith the housing.
 17. The method of claim 16, further comprising:displaying on a display of the user interface the defined duration of atleast one of the first cycle-on timing and the first soak-off timing.18. The method of claim 16, wherein the receiving the defined durationcomprises detecting a selection of a first physical button of aplurality of physical buttons that are secured with the housing andselectable by a user.
 19. The method of claim 12, further comprising:detecting an activation of a first disable option cooperated with thehousing; and disabling the timing control circuit from preventing thefirst activation signal from being applied to the first output connectorcoupled with the respective first one of a plurality of electricalpathways within the housing and coupling a respective input connector toa respective corresponding output connector.
 20. The method of claim 12,further comprising: receive a defined duration of the first cycle-ontiming and the first soak-off timing from the irrigation controller. 21.The method of claim 12, further comprising: wirelessly receiving adefined duration of the first cycle-on timing and a first soak-offtiming.